Which principle allows for the protection of free assembly under the 1st Amendment?

The protection of free assembly under the 1st Amendment is rooted in the principle of the right to petition the government. This principle emphasizes the ability of individuals to come together to express their views and advocate for change, which is an essential aspect of a functioning democracy. Free assembly allows individuals to gather peacefully for a common cause, enabling them to voice their opinions and engage with the government regarding issues that matter to them.

While other options pertain to important rights granted by the 1st Amendment, such as free speech and the right to bear arms, it is the right to petition that directly connects with the notion of assembly. This connection is crucial because gatherings often serve the purpose of petitioning the government for redress or change. Thus, the principle that upholds both assembly and petition highlights the significance of collective action in exercising democratic rights.